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"ESTAR" (TO BE): SIMPLE TENSES

The verb estar (to be) has the same meanings in Aragonese as it has in English. Its main functions are: stative verb, linking verb, passive auxiliary.

INDICATIVE:
 

SIMPLE PRESENT
soi yes ye semos soz son	I am you are he/she/it is we are you are they are

The subject of the verb needn't appear in Aragonese as we can deduce it from the endings (person and number morphemes).
 

SIMPLE PAST
yera yeras yera yéranos yeraz yeran	estié estiés estió estiemos estiez estioron	I was you were he/she/itwas we were you were they were

-There are two past tenses: the first one with a non-perfective aspect, the second with a perfective aspect.
-Attention should be paid to the first person plural ending -nos (instead of the usual -mos) in the simple past with non perfective aspect.
-The third person plural form estioron of the simple past with perfective aspect is often pronounced (and even written) estión, due to a general phaenomenon of weakening and subsequent dropping of intervocalic "r".
-In Eastern Aragonese, to express the perfective aspect they use a periphrastic form made up of the simple present of the berb "anar" plus the infinitive: boi estar, bas estar, ba estar, bam estar, baz estar, ban estar.
 

SIMPLE FUTURE
estaré estarás estará estaremos estarez estarán	I shall / will be you will be he/she/it will be we shall / will be you will be they will be

There exists a Castillian-like paradigm "seré, serás, será, seremos, serez, serán" but the general trend to regularize all verbs make this one the most genuine form (see the note at REGULAR VERBS: SIMPLE TENSES: SIMPLE FUTURE).
 

SIMPLE CONDITIONAL
estarba estarbas estarba estárbanos estarbaz estarbán	I should / would be you would be he/she/it would be we shall / would be you wouldbe they would be

-Attention should be paid to the first person plural ending -nos (instead of the usual -mos).
-Under Castillian influence, the forms "estaría, estarías, estaría, estaríanos, estaríaz, estarían" and even "sería, serías, sería, seríanos, seríaz, serían" are widely spread.

SUBJUNCTIVE:
 

SIMPLE PRESENT
siga sigas siga sigamos sigaz sigan	I be you be he/she/it be we be you be they be

We translate this tense as "I be..." just to highlight that it is a subjunctive, although the usual forms in English are the same as those of the Indicative.
 

SIMPLE PAST
estase estases estase estásenos estasez estasen	I were you were he/she/it were we were you were they were

Attention should be paid to the first person plural ending -nos (instead of the usual -mos).
 

IMPERATIVE
sé sez	be!  be!

Properly speaking, the Imperative has only second person; to make the "exhortative" in the other persons the forms of the Simple Present of the Subjunctive are used, e.g: "Sigamos an debemos estar!" (Let's be where we must!).
 

INFINITIVE
estar	to be

Its main use is as a verbal noun. It may be used to form noun clauses but its subject will be the same of the main verb.
 

GERUND
estando	being

It's mainly used to form adverbial clauses or phrases.
 

PAST PARTICIPLE
estau	been

-It is mainly used to form the perfect tenses of the verb.
-The traditional form (estato) isthe most genuine and most adequated to Aragonese phonetics, but the "-au" form is the most generalized one in current spoken (and even written) Aragonese because of the strong Castillian influence.
-Past Participle feminine form is: estada (estata).